Ventilation System (Forced-draft Fan/Induced-draft Fan): The forced-draft fan utilizes impeller rotation to generate centrifugal force or lift, pressurizing air and delivering it into the furnace to support combustion; the induced-draft fan creates negative pressure at the furnace inlet through impeller rotation, extracting high-temperature flue gas to maintain a state of slight negative pressure, thereby preventing gas leakage and driving the flow of flue gas across the heating surfaces.
Feedwater System (Feedwater Pumps/Water Treatment): Feedwater pumps pressurize and transport deaerated, softened water to the economizer and steam drum, replenishing evaporated water to maintain a stable water level; water treatment equipment removes impurities via processes such as ion exchange to prevent scaling and corrosion.
Fuel and Combustion System (Coal Feeding/Burners): Solid fuel is fed into the furnace at a controlled rate via conveying equipment (e.g., chain grates or coal mills); liquid or gaseous fuels are atomized or mixed within the burner and ignited, converting chemical energy into thermal energy.
Heat Recovery and Purification System (Economizer/Air Preheater/Dust Collector): The economizer utilizes residual heat from low-temperature flue gas to preheat feedwater, thereby lowering exhaust gas temperatures; the air preheater heats combustion air to enhance combustion efficiency; dust collectors (electrostatic or fabric filter types) capture particulate matter from the flue gas to ensure compliance with emission standards.
Ash/Slag Removal System (Slag Extractor/Slag Crusher): Mechanical systems continuously remove molten or solid ash and slag from the furnace bottom, ensuring unobstructed airflow in the combustion zone and facilitating continuous operation.
